Design and Function of Common Forms of Structures.
There are six different common forms in construction industry.
There are,
1. Monolithic
2. Cellular
3. Skeletal
4. Portal
5. Cross Wall
6. Timber frame.
Monolithic
Monolithic structure can carrying out more bearing capacity. The loads are transferred to and spread through the walls to give a distributed load on the substructure or in the case of a roof the load is spread on the supporting structure under wall.
Cellular
The loads are dispersed quickly to the wall of the cells. In this form each walls rigidly jointed its high boars. In many cases the thickness of cell walls may be reduced because of this load shearing ability.
Skeletal
Skeleton frame involves a network of columns, girders, and beams, interconnected to provide strength and stability. The skeletal structure comprises a frame work through which the loads are concentrated and transferred still in concentrated from to the supporting structure or sub structure. In this skeletal form an important part in the transmission of the applied loads.
Portal frame
Portal frame is similar to an arch. But there are difference is , consisting of two uprights rigidly joined by a horizontal sloping or carried third member each frame requires lateral support, usually in the form of bracing from other smaller frames.
Cross Walls
cross walls are series of independent walls, which carry the floor and roof loads, they are usually built at standardized centers of p to 6m there by allowing other elements also to be standardized as a free standing wall is unstable.
Timber frames
Usually timber truss is based on the triangle since. The triangle is the most rigid of all forms. The trusses usually found in pitched roof starches. Example for roof truss,
King post roof truss, queen post roof truss, laminated roof truss.
